Time did not limit evolution in Zealandia

Time did not limit evolution in Zealandia

The tens of millions of years during which various mammals lived in Gondwana and on the shores of Zealandia were ample time for the evolution of an indigenous fauna of land mammals in New Zealand. Prof. Mumblebard claims: “New Zealand was the only large landmass...
Random mutation is antithetical to natural selection

Random mutation is antithetical to natural selection

The genetic mutation that results in biological evolution cannot logically be erratic, because the very nature of natural selection is to make mutants adaptive. Prof. Mumblebard claims: “Mutations alter genes haphazardly because they are errors. Those mutations...
The marsupial lion: all slice and no bite

The marsupial lion: all slice and no bite

Interpreting the marsupial lion as feliform invites scepticism because little is cat-like about its bones and especially its teeth. Prof. Mumblebard claims: “The marsupial lion is the Australian counterpart of sabre-toothed cats but, because of its diprotodont...
Africa’s greenkeepers

Africa’s greenkeepers

Warthogs and baboons are the reserve greenkeepers of the African savannas, maintaining grazing lawns when the ungulate migrations suffer catastrophe. Prof. Mumblebard says: “Warthogs and baboons squeeze in amongst the grazing bovines, antelopes, zebras,...
Why do mangroves lack fruity succulence?

Why do mangroves lack fruity succulence?

Intertidal trees are not dispersed by animals because palatable fruit-pulp depends on potassium, a nutrient outweighed by sodium at the tideline. Prof. Mumblebard claims: “Mangroves are dispersed by flotation because they need to be sown in the intertidal...